The Parisian club has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the final seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.